The plasma railgun is a linear accelerator and plasma energy weapon which like a projectile railgun uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a sliding short armature. This creates your localized heat for as long as the arc can be maintained, greatly weakening or destroying the material at the point of impact. Can I use my Coinbase address to receive bitcoin? Which means that I am in the potentially unique situation of being able to tell you that yes, they went out of their way to name it Marauder because it took us far too long to find a word that worked, we spent two hours fiddling with syllables to get stuff that fit (Direct Energy Railgun gives der). Get started today! Peak line-integrated electron number densities of approximately 8 10. A transferred plasma cutter works by inducing a plasma in a carrier gas, which creates a very conductive path between the electrode and the "target" material, which creates a tremendous amount of heat. A 100m railgun might not, in fact, be 10 times faster than a 10m railgun, if it wanted to stay in one piece after firing. The preserve is located on Butterfield Hill in a quiet part of southwestern New Hampshire, not far from the Connecticut River. In the case of MAURAUDER, the stability time was about $1 {\mu} s$. If it breaks out by accident, even if it destroys everything would you still call it a 'weapon' ? And yes, the magnetic properties of metals tend to go to pot once they melt. Plasma railguns are capable of producing controlled jets of given densities and velocities ranging from at least peak densities 1e13 to 1e16 particles/m^3 with velocities from 5 to 200 km/s dependent on device design configuration and operating parameters. Scan this QR code to download the app now. A plasma railgun is a linear accelerator which, like a projectile railgun, uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a "sliding short" armature.However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material.Scientific plasma railguns are typically operated in vacuum and not at air pressure. Where does the version of Hamapil that is different from the Gemara come from? We'll give your coilgun an efficiency of 99.9%, and half the wastage goes to heating up the projectile again. What does 'They're at four. The plasma is confined between the bullet and the magnetic field pushing on it. Would this be at all practical as a weapon system? Outside hard vacuum, that 10000 km/s torus is not going anywhere. A tokamak is essentially an infinitely long rail/coil gun that produces a magnetic containment vessel for a super-heated plasma. Not to mention the fact that all the precision engineering in a plasma torch would be thrown out the window. The Warwick Preserve was established when TNC received a 36-acre donation from Dr. Ruth Warwick and her daughter Louise Hunninen in 1964. Z-pinches also magnetically accelerate plasma up to similar velocities. Forty-foot high rocky outcrops provide views of the river. The problem is that everything is classified so we have no way to know if it is to hide a viable weapon or to keep the enemy guessing and thus spending money to find a way to counter it or create their own. It's travelling at 1-3 percent the speed of light. The importance of using plasma technology is that they produce muzzle velocities in 100s of km/shaving applications in magnetic confinement fusion (MCF), magneto-inertial fusion (MIF), High Energy Density Physics research (HEDP), laboratory astrophysics, and as a plasma propulsion engine for spacecraft. Would this be at all practical as a weapon system? With a 10 meter barrel, we get about 2500 meters per second. Especially against space debris. Controlled jets from plasma rail guns can have peak densities in the 1013 to 1016 particles/m3 range, and velocities from 5 to 200 km/s, depending on device design configuration and operating parameters, and the upper limits may be higher. The intended use of this weapon is to have at least enough power to, The limit is 'cee' . Get text updates from The Nature Conservancy: Purple Trillium at the Warwick Preserve in Westmoreland, New Hampshire, [{"countryCode":"hkg","countryName":"Hong Kong"},{"countryCode":"ury","countryName":"Uruguay"},{"countryCode":"gab","countryName":"Gabon"},{"countryCode":"ken","countryName":"Kenya"},{"countryCode":"nam","countryName":"Namibia"},{"countryCode":"syc","countryName":"Seychelles"},{"countryCode":"zaf","countryName":"South Africa"},{"countryCode":"tza","countryName":"Tanzania"},{"countryCode":"zmb","countryName":"Zambia"},{"countryCode":"aus","countryName":"Australia"},{"countryCode":"chn","countryName":"China"},{"countryCode":"hkg","countryName":"HongKong"},{"countryCode":"ind","countryName":"India"},{"countryCode":"idn","countryName":"Indoneasia"},{"countryCode":"mng","countryName":"Mongolia"},{"countryCode":"mmr","countryName":"Myanmar"},{"countryCode":"nzl","countryName":"New 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Above the rocky outcrops, the trails are easier and follow gently curving contours through a mixed forest, which includes some beautiful stands of red oak. Her three grandchildren continue to visit the preserve. The U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory must have made some significant progress in a short time, because computer simulations started in 1991, an experiment was conducted in 1993, and the whole thing was classified not long after. An asynchronous coilgun relies on the projectile having a certain bunch of properties (you need to induce a current in it, to provide a magnet field for the main gun coils to push against), and a coilgun with superconducting projectiles needs the projectiles to remain superconducting, and so they have to stay below their critical temperature, etc. Some believe that we may not be far from getting containment times measured in Milliseconds ($ms$). Is "I didn't think it was serious" usually a good defence against "duty to rescue"? The magic number of interest here is the energy density that the swept volume can have this is $\frac{1}{2\mu_o}$ (where 0 is the permeability of free space) or about 400kJ/m3/T2, multiplied by the square of the magnetic field strength. MARAUDER, a U.S. government nuclear fusion research project Merauder, an American metalcore band Masked Marauder, a fictional Marvel Comics character Merrill's Marauders, United States commando unit in World War II This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Marauder. @PcMan right, silly mistake. The plasma accelerator fires instantly, but the projectile is slow. Registration ends May 5, 2023 at 9:00pm EDT, https://www.whatismybrowser.com/guides/how-to-enable-cookies/auto. In 1964, the Warwick Preserve was the first New Hampshire property donated to The Nature Conservancy. Weighted sum of two random variables ranked by first order stochastic dominance. You cannot get anything better unless you use magical materials, or magical ultra-efficient coilguns (and this example is already quite magical). or 8,654 km/hr. It is one of several United States Government efforts to develop plasma-based projectiles. TIL Project MARAUDER, a coaxial plasma railgun powered by the SHIVA STAR capacitor bank, was designed by the USAF and capable of " [producing] doughnut shaped rings of plasma and balls of lightning that exploded with devastating effects when hitting its target." It was classified in 1993. en.wikipedia.org 540 30 comments Add a Comment http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_Rail_Gun.php. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Conceptual Design Description of a CT Fueler for JT-60U, 35th European Physical Society Conference on Plasma Physics, Support to Survivability/Vulnerability Program, "Quasistatic compression of a compact torus", "Compact toroid dynamics in the Compact Toroid Injection Experiment", Compact Torus Accelerator Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Power Plant, Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshops (ICC), "A Contoured Gap Coaxial Plasma Gun with Injected Plasma Armature", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plasma_railgun&oldid=1151052028, Compact Toroid Injection Experiment (CTIX), Pulsed High Density Fusion Experiment (PHD), This page was last edited on 21 April 2023, at 16:16. 24 Apr 2013 | Posted by Member 30298028. The U.S. Navy and Air Force have both developed railgun prototypes. Privacy Statement Mechanical Kit will be shipped to you and you can learn and build using tutorials. At these magnetic field strengths (100T is currently achievable on the relevant timescale), you can exert enough force to crush most solid objects. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Plasma is a gaseous state of matter which is electrically conductive and interacts with electric and magnetic fields. Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. ', referring to the nuclear power plant in Ignalina, mean? Reportedly, Ruth asked a local handyman to clear out a spring on the side of Butterfield Hill to provide water for the animals in the woods this is still visible at the end of the first steep section of the preserves hiking trail. In a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consist of hot, ionized, gas-like particles heated by a very high temperature. After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. Has the Melford Hall manuscript poem "Whoso terms love a fire" been attributed to any poetDonne, Roe, or other? The approach of creating the plasma on contact. In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". Plasma gets more electrically conductive as it heats up, and your bullet stays in the barrel so little time, the plasma won't conduct much heat to the bullet. T-shirts for the first 75 paid entrants, 15 years and up. Mobile Terms & Conditions Naturally, in science fiction it would be very easy to explain that scientists discovered a more stable Toroidial configuration that lastswellhowever long you need it to last for the sake of the story. Ultimately, the limit is going to be keeping the bullet solid as you push on it. The railgun will be used for the study of plasma shocks in jet collisions. and from everything I've dug up there's alot of conflicting data about it (some say. In December 1998, TNC accepted a donation of 68 acres from Ann Fisher; this addition increased the size of the preserve to 104 acres. Please wait while we submit your question/message. The results of this experiment confirm that the design succeeds in producing plasmas which meet targets for plasma properties. These are laser powered, and the shock waves due to the sudden acceleration heat the pellet substantially before it hits the center. As fascinating of a topic as the research may be, the more important question is whether they went out of their way to make the project acronym marauder, or if it was just a fortunate coincidence that it ended up as that? They do still have scaling issues: you have to turn off a coil the instant the projectile is in the middle, and it is hard to simply vanish the field of a very powerful magnet! It was named MARAUDER or magnetically accelerated ring to achieve ultrahigh directed energy and radiation.. Plasma railguns are being evaluated as a possible method of implosion linear formation for fusion. But the OP specifically asked for "plasma contained in bullets". Other than that, you're essentially constructing bullet-sized fluorescent tubes with some sort of attached supercapacitor that can provide ionization voltages for ~10s. However, techniques including exploding foils, gas cell burst disk injection, neutral gas injection via fast gas valve, and plasma capillary injection have been employed. (10^10 gs, 1 s, etc). | Final Year Projects for Engineering Students | Robotics Online Classes for Kids by Playto Labs Could a mass-proportional physical speed limit on projectiles "nerf" guns but not ruin archery? Contact: 1800-123-7177 | Terms & Conditions Fire rate will therefore be limited, and ultimate velocity will also be limited by your ability to a) quench your coils fast enough and b) cool them fast enough afterwards to fire the gun again. | Mini Projects for Engineering Students Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. The experiment which was performed to confirm the properties of the plasma jets produced by the coaxial plasma railgun is explained. For a rough idea, you can use Luke Campbell's approximation for coilgun performance, which basically imagines the gun as a tube of energy in the form of the magnetic field, which is swept out by a projectile that turns it into kinetic energy. The Air Force has been at this game for decades, though, and its previous work is more advanced than anything coming out of the Navy Department, Russia, China or even Kim Jong Uns wildest dreams. Take a left onto South Village Road, which you will follow for 3.7 miles before arriving in the village of Westmoreland. In either design, a plasma armature is formed at the breech. MARAUDER was a United States Air Force experiment to develop long-range plasma weapons. Large boulders litter the forest floor below the rocky ridges creating habitat for snakes, porcupines and bobcats. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Read how we use cookies and how you can control them by visiting our Privacy Policy. A bigger projectile won't help you; you need one with a higher melting point, a larger heat capacity, and a more efficient coilgun to get the speeds you want. Coaxial accelerators use various techniques to mitigate this instability. | Login to Download Certificate Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. This is obviously bad for your hopes and dreams. Non-superconducting projectiles will be subject to more heating!). Can my creature spell be countered if I cast a split second spell after it? Railgun has a charge time, but the projectile is very fast, so it's good for sniping. From Route 9 take Route 12 north for 6.4 miles, bringing you to east Westmoreland. It was named "MARAUDER" - or "magnetically accelerated ring to achieve ultrahigh directed energy and radiation.". Thanks for detailed post Connor. Get kits shipped in 24 hours. @apaul34208 It depends on how the bullet is constructed and how "super" your supercapacitor is. Based on current proposed weapons, we can estimate the rough acceleration we can achieve with a rail gun and scale that up. Yes, Shiva Star, that was the '80es project I was thinking about. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The United States is playing catch up in this area of weapons development at least it is in public. Want to develop practical skills on Mechanical? The other example is the MARAUDER (Magnetically Accelerated Ring to Achieve Ultra-high Directed-Energy and Radiation) used the Shiva Star project (a high energy capacitor bank which provided the means to test weapons and other devices requiring brief and extremely large amounts of energy) to accelerate a toroid of plasma at a significant . That's not bad at all. The rest can be found here: @JDugosz Thanks for calling that outthat was edited in by someone else, I fixed it. Other alkaline-loving plants found here include maidenhair spleenwort, spring beauty, and Dutchmans breeches. This Sub focuses on discussing his videos and exploring concepts in science with an emphasis on futurism, space exploration, along with a healthy dose of science fiction. Picture of a historical neon discharge tube by Pslawinski. | About Us I remain unconvinced that the principle has any potential as a weapon that can compete against solid or explosive projectiles. What are your thoughts on Project MARAUDER? Railgun technology, which uses electromagnetic force to send If you continue to use this site, you consent to use all cookies. In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". There were some errors in the barrel length calculation for the earlier draft of this answer, which have since been corrected. A railgun is a weapon that uses electromagnetic force to fire a projectile at high velocity, some at speeds of up to Mach 6. @RossPresser but really what will happen is that if your gun pumps enough eneergy into the round to melt it, it'll almost certainly pump enough energy into it to at least partially boil it, and it'll go bang. Honestly I find it hard to envision how a weaponized, long range railgun would make a 'torus' (that seems more a thing to do with coilgun style propulsion - some modesl literally do involve configurations to accelerate/propel ring shaped projectiles.) Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Plasma railguns are categorized in two principle topologies, linear and coaxial where linear railguns consist of two flat plate electrodes separated by insulating spacers and accelerate sheet armatures and coaxial railguns accelerate toroidal plasma armatures using a hollow outer conductor and a central, concentric, inner conductor. 13-nautical-mile range of the US Navy's standard 5-inch naval gun," To get the 1.2GJ we want for our 100km/s super-coilgun, we'd need the projectile to sweep out ~0.074m3, which for a 20mm projectile works out as a barrel that's 236m long. Please enter a valid email address (formatted as name@company.com). Take CERN, for instance. The design of individual gun components is detailed. Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? Something similar was tried in original Star Wars SDI, huge power load, completely useless in atmosphere. Description. Engineering Project Ideas | The Bulldog 4 is an annual fun run that also serves as a fundraiser for the Westmoreland PTA. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. The resulting projectile moved at $3,000 km/s$ and struck its target with a $\approx 5$ lb TNT explosion ($5 \times 10^{-7} kT = 2.092MJ$) ---and a potent, short-range electromagnetic pulse. After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. @RossPresser You want a compact, high velocity projectile to deliver a kinetic energy strike on a small spot. You can learn from experts, build working projects, showcase skills to the world and grab the best jobs. At least with the second approach, you can store your bullets normally. Stay up-to-date and build projects on latest technologies, Blog | | Plasma requires constant electrical energy input to be maintained, so storing your plasma bullets is the biggest constraint, barring some sort of Infinite Power Supply. Beneath that you have fabric mesh surrounding the vehicle's inner hull that is tear resistant and some sort of self repair that will auto-fill any hole that is made. Check your spam folder if you do not receive it. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. MARAUDER took these Compact Toroids and fired them from a railgun. In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. MARAUDER was a United States Air Force experiment to develop long-range plasma weapons. 2023 The Nature Conservancy That's the best I could come up with, assuming he intended the plasma to cause damage. | Technical Resources How could I contain plasma for use in weapons? No one has heard a thing about the program since 1995. ? In coaxial plasma railguns, the electrodes are concentric. Resources for Engineering Students | Yet in scifi it is quite possible to have an uber plasma railgun that just kills missiles when they get too close. Some references here about the American navy, but it is so far behind. Maybe the same function might be achieved some other way. The official Subreddit for the Isaac Arthur YouTube channel. However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionised, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. "Using a massive electrical pulse rather than a chemical propellant, If the shooting stars and the stuff hits the fan, Uncle Sam might pull the Marauder out of mothballs. a railgun? If you believe that any material in VTechWorks should be removed, please see our policy and procedure for I think this technology could be useful potentially as a point defense system on space stations. The plasma railgun is a linear accelerator and plasma energy weapon which like a projectile railgun uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a sliding short armature. It also cost a few million dollars every time the U.S. wanted to experiment with the technology, which is a much more likely reason the experiment ended up classified in mothballs. This answer (given technological development to improve power efficiency) meets all but two of your requirementsbut (potentially) bypasses their necessity. What are the advantages of a coilgun v.s. The author argues that to realize the hypervelocity potential of plasma armature railguns, restrike must be eliminated. [citation needed] Plasma rail guns are being evaluated for applications in magnetic confinement fusion for disruption mitigation and tokamak refueling. Come enjoy the rolling countryside 4 mile course, we are now celebrating our 19th annual event! Some handwaving of high-capacity, high-voltage, extremely compact and inexpensive supercapacitors will be needed. This means that railguns have scaling problems you can't shoot them too much before the rails need replacing, and the rail damage goes up with muzzle velocity so you may find a railgun that works just fine at 3km/s (at least for a little while) will be wrecked at 10km/s and explode violently at 30km/s.
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